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IMPORT-EXPORT ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

The acronyms are used with international to facilitate the exchanges of information. You will find the definitions in this glossary of the international initials for the import and the export of goods.

A/W : Air Waybill
ADR : European Agreement on the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road
ATL : Air Transport Letter
AWB : AirWay Bill
B/C : Bulk Carrier
B/L : Bill of Lading
BAF : Bunker Adjustment Factor
C/I : Certificate of Insurance
C/O : Certificate of Origin
C/P : Charter Party
CAD : Cash Against Documents
CAF : Currency Adjustement Factor
CAP : Common Agricultural Policy
CCO : Customs Clearance Outwards
CCT : Common Customs Tariffs
CET : The Common External Tariff
CFR : Cost and Freight
CIF : Cost, Insurance and Freight
CIP : Carriage and Insurance Paid to
COD : Cash On Delivery
CPT : Carriage Paid To
CSC : Container Service Changes
CT : Combined Transport or Conference Terms
CTB/L : Combined Transport Bill of Landing
D/A : Documents against Acceptance
D/D : Door to Door
D/O : Delivery Order
D/P : Documents against Payment
DAF : Delivered At Frontier
DC : Developing Countries
DDP : Delivered Duty Paid
DDU : Delivered Duty Unpaid
DEQ : Delivered Ex Quay
DES : Delivered Ex Ship
DFR : Data Freight Receipt
DG : Dangerous Goods
EBRD : European Bank for Reconstruction and Development
ECB : European Central Bank
ECE : Export Customs Entry
EIB : European Investment Bank
EDI : Electronic Data Interchange
EDIFACT : Electronic Data Interchange Standard For Administraction, Commerce and Transport
EONIA : Euro OverNight Index Average
EXW : Ex Works
FCR : Forwarder's Cargo Receipt
FOB : Free On board
FAC : Forwarding Agent's Commission
FPA : Free of Particular Average
FAS : Free Alongside Ship
FBL : FIATA Bill of Lading
FCL : Full Container Load
FCR : Receipt Forwarders Certificate of Transport
FI : Free In
FIFO : First In and Out
FIO : Free In and Out
FIOS : Free In and Out Stowed
FMC : Federal Maritime Conference
FO : Free Out
FOB : Free on Board
FWR : FIATA Warehouse Receipt
GSP : Generalized System of Preferences
GW : Gross Weight
HAWB : House Air WayBill
HB/L : House Bill of Lading
HS : Harmonized System
IATA : International Air Transport Association
IBRD : International Bank for Reconstruction and Development
ICC : International Chamber of Commerce
ICE : Import Customs Entry
IEC : International Electrotechnical Commission
IFF : Institute of Freight Forwarders
IFFFA : International Federation of Freight Forwarders Associations
IRT : International Road Transit
ISO : International Standardization Organisation
JIT : Just In Time
LCL : Less than a Container Load
LDC : Least Developed Countries
LIFO : Last In, First Out
LTL : Less than a Truck Load
MAWB : Master Air WayBill
MB/L : Master Bill of Lading
MT : Metric Ton
MTD : Multimodal Transport Document
NIE : Newly Industrialized Economies
NP : Named Port
NTB : Non-Tariff Barriers
NVD : No Value Declared
NVOCC : Non Vessel Operator Common Carrier
NW : Net Weight
PCT : Patent Co-operation Treaty
Ro-Ro : Roll-on/Roll-off
SDR : Special Drawing Rights
SWB : Sea WayBill
SWIFT : Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecomunication
T/T : Transit Time
TBL : Througt Bill of Lading
TEU : Twenty Equivalent Unit
THC : Terminal Handling Charges
THD : Terminal Handling Discharges
THL : Terminal Handling Loading
TIR : Transit International Routier
ULD : Unite Load Device
UCP : Uniform Customs and Practice
ULD : Unit Load Device
VAT : Value Added Tax
VES : Vessel
W/B : WayBill
WTO : World Trade Organisation
W/W : Warehouse Warrant

Incoterms

FOB

Free On Board (… named port of shipment)

Title and risk pass to buyer including payment of all transportation and insurance cost once delivered on board the ship by the seller. Used for sea or inland waterway transportation.

Seller's Responsibilities (summary)

Goods—Provide the goods, commercial invoice or electronic message, and other documentation as required by the sales contract.
Licenses and Customs Formalities—Obtain at own risk and cost any export licenses and authorizations and carry out all export formalities and procedures.
Carriage and Insurance—The seller has no obligation to the buyer to provide carriage of goods or insurance.
Delivery—Deliver the goods on board the named vessel at the named port and place and at the time stipulated in the sales contract.
Risk Transfer—Assume all risks of loss or damage to the goods until they have passed the ship's rail on the named vessel as provided in the sales contract.
Costs—Pay all costs until the goods have passed the ship's rail on the named vessel as well as all costs relating to export including duties, taxes and customs formalities.
Notice to the Buyer—Provide sufficient notice to the buyer that the goods have been delivered on board the named vessel.
Proof of Delivery, Transport Documents—Provide the buyer with a proof of delivery or a transport document, or to assist the buyer in obtaining a transport document.
Checking, Packing, Marking—Pay all costs associated with checking the quality and quantity of the goods to be in conformity with the sales contract. Provide appropriate packing (unless the goods are traditionally delivered unpackaged) as required for the transport of the goods, to the extent that the buyer has made transport circumstances known to the seller prior to the execution of the sales contract. Provide marking appropriate to the packaging.
Other—Provide the buyer at the buyer's request, risk and expense any and all assistance in securing documentation originating in the country of export or of origin required for import and transshipment through another country. Provide the buyer at the buyer's request information necessary to obtain insurance.

Buyer's Responsibilities (summary)

Payment—Pay for the goods as provided in the sales contract.
Licenses and Customs Formalities—Obtain at own risk and cost any import licenses and authorizations and carry out all import formalities.
Carriage and Insurance—Provide for contract of carriage from the named port of shipment. No obligation for insurance.
Taking Delivery—Take delivery of the goods as provided in the sales contract.
Risk Transfer—Assume all risks of loss or damage from the time the goods have passed the ship's rail at the port of shipment.
Costs—Pay all costs for carriage and insurance from the time the goods have passed the ship's rail at the port of shipment in accordance with the terms of the sales contract. Pay all costs resulting from failure of the named ship to arrive on time or to be able to take the goods. Pay all costs relating to import formalities including duties, taxes and other charges including transshipment.
Notice to Seller—Give sufficient notice to the seller of the name of the vessel, the time or period for delivery and the place of delivery.
Proof of Delivery, Transport Document—Accept the seller's proof of delivery or transport document.
Inspection(s)—Pay for the costs of pre-shipment inspection except inspections required by the country of export.
Other—Pay all costs associated with securing documentation originating in the country of origin or export as required for import. Reimburse seller for seller's costs in providing such documentation or assistance.

CIF

Cost, Insurance and Freight (... named port of destination)

Title and risk pass to buyer when delivered on board the ship by seller who pays transportation and insurance cost to destination port. Used for sea or inland waterway transportation.

Seller's Responsibilities (summary)

Goods—Provide the goods, commercial invoice or electronic message, and other documentation as required by the sales contract.
Licenses and Customs Formalities—Obtain at own risk and cost any export licenses and authorizations and carry out all export formalities and procedures.
Carriage and Insurance—Contract for and pay costs of carriage by sea or inland waterway and insurance for 100 percent of the value of the contract to the named port of destination. The insurance policy must allow the buyer to make claim directly from the insurer. Deliver the insurance document to the buyer.
Delivery—Deliver the goods on board the named vessel at the named port and at the date or within the time period stipulated in the sales contract.
Risk Transfer—Assume all risks of loss or damage to the goods until they have passed over the ship's rail at the port of shipment.
Costs—Pay all costs of carriage and insurance until the goods have been delivered to the named port of shipment and passed over the ship's rail, plus costs of loading, carriage to the port of destination and normal unloading. Also to pay all costs relating to export including duties, taxes and customs formalities.
Notice to the Buyer—Provide sufficient notice to the buyer that the goods have been delivered on board the named vessel.
Proof of Delivery, Transport Documents—Provide the buyer with a transport document that will allow the buyer to claim the goods at the destination and (unless otherwise agreed) allow the buyer to sell the goods while in transit through the transfer of the transport document or by notification to the sea carrier.
Checking, Packing, Marking—Pay all costs associated with checking the quality and quantity of the goods to be in conformity with the sales contract. Provide appropriate packing (unless the goods are traditionally delivered unpackaged) as required for the transport of the goods, to the extent that the buyer has made transport circumstances known to the seller prior to the execution of the sales contract. Provide marking appropriate to the packaging.
Other—Provide the buyer at the buyer's request, risk and cost any and all assistance in securing documentation originating in the country of export or of origin required for import and for transshipment.

Buyer's Responsibilities (summary)

Payment—Pay for the goods as provided in the sales contract.
Licenses and Customs Formalities—Obtain and pay costs of all import licenses and authorizations and carry out all import formalities.
Carriage and Insurance—No obligation to the seller to pay for carriage or insurance.
Taking Delivery—Take delivery of the goods at the port of destination as provided in the sales contract.
Risk Transfer—Assume all risk of loss or damage from the time the goods have passed over the ship's rail at the port of shipment.
Costs—Pay all supplemental costs for the goods once they have passed over the ship's rail at the port of shipment, including unloading, lighterage and wharfage at the port of destination. Pay all costs relating to import formalities including duties, taxes and other charges including transshipment.
Notice to Seller—If, according to the sales contract, the buyer is able to specify a time for shipping and/ or specify a port of destination, to give the seller sufficient notice.
Proof of Delivery, Transport Document—Accept the seller's transport document so long as it is in conformity with the sales contract.
Inspection(s)—Pay for the costs of pre-shipment inspection except inspections required by the country of export.
Other—Pay costs of securing documentation from the country of origin or export as required for import. Reimburse seller such costs. Provide information necessary to obtain insurance.

DDU/DDP

DDU Delivered Duty Unpaid (… named place of destination)

— Seller fulfills his obligation when goods have been made available at the named place in the country of importation. Used for all modes of transport including multimodal.

DDP Delivered Duty Paid (… named place of destination)

— Title and risk pass to buyer when seller delivers goods to named destination point cleared for import. Used for any mode of transportation.

Seller's Responsibilities (summary)

	DDU Delivered Duty Unpaid (… named place of destination)	DDP Delivered Duty Paid (… named place of destination)
Goods	Provide the goods, commercial invoice or electronic message, and other documentation as required by the sales contract.
Licenses and Customs Formalities	Obtain at own risk and cost any export licenses and authorizations and carry out all export formalities and procedures, including those associated with transshipment to the named port of destination.	Obtain at own risk and cost any export and import licenses and authorizations and carry out all export and import formalities and procedures, including those associated with transshipment to the named port of destination.
Carriage and Insurance	Contract for and pay all costs of carriage and transshipment (if necessary) to the named destination. No obligation to provide insurance.
Delivery	Make the goods available to the buyer at the named destination on the date or within the period specified in the sales contract.	Make the goods available to the buyer not unloaded at the named destination on the date or within the period specified in the sales contract.
Risk Transfer	Assume all risks of loss or damage to the goods until they have been made available to the buyer at the named destination.
Costs	Pay all costs until the goods have been delivered to the named destination, including carriage, all export formalities, export duties and taxes, and transshipment (if necessary) to the named destination.	Pay all costs until the goods have been delivered to the named destination, including carriage, all export and import formalities and transshipment (if necessary) to the named destination.
Notice to the Buyer	Provide sufficient notice of dispatch and projected arrival that the buyer can take appropriate action to arrange pick-up of the goods.	Provide sufficient notice of dispatch and projected arrival that the buyer can take appropriate action to arrange unloading of the goods.
Proof of Delivery, Transport Documents	Provide the buyer with the delivery order and/or a transport document enabling the buyer to take delivery at the named place of destination.
Checking, Packing, Marking	Pay all costs associated with checking the quality and quantity of the goods to be in conformity with the sales contract. Provide appropriate packing (unless the goods are traditionally delivered unpackaged) as required for the transport of the goods, to the extent that the buyer has made transport circumstances known to the seller prior to the execution of the sales contract. Provide marking appropriate to the packaging.
Other	Provide the buyer at the buyer's request, risk and expense any and all assistance in securing documentation originating in the country of export or of origin required for import. Provide the buyer with information necessary to obtain insurance.	Pay all costs associated with securing documentation necessary for to make the goods available to the buyer at the named place of destination. Provide the buyer with information necessary to obtain insurance.

EXW

Title and risk pass to buyer including payment of all transportation and insurance cost from the seller's door. Used for any mode of transportation.

Seller's Responsibilities (summary)

Goods—Provide the goods, commercial invoice or electronic message, and other documentation as required by the sales contract.
Licenses and Customs Formalities—Provide the buyer at the buyer's request, risk and cost, every assistance in obtaining any license, authorization or documentation required for export of the goods.
Carriage and Insurance—The seller has no obligation to provide carriage of goods or insurance.
Delivery—Make the goods available to the buyer, unloaded, at the named place and on the date stipulated in the sales contract.
Risk Transfer—Assume all risks to the goods (loss or damage) until they have been made available to the buyer as in #4 above.
Costs—Pay all costs until the goods have been made available to the buyer in accordance with #4 above.
Notice to the Buyer—Provide sufficient notice to the buyer of the location and time of availability of the goods.
Proof of Delivery, Transport Documents—The seller has no obligation to provide the buyer with a proof of delivery or a transport document.
Checking, Packing, Marking—Pay all costs associated with checking the quality and quantity of the goods to be in conformity with the sales contract. Provide appropriate packing (unless the goods are traditionally delivered unpackaged) as required for the transport of the goods, to the extent that the buyer has made transport circumstances known to the seller prior to the execution of the sales contract. Provide marking appropriate to the packaging.
Other—Provide the buyer, at the buyer's request, risk and expense, assistance in securing documentation originating in the country of origin or of export as required for export and import. Provide the buyer at the buyer's request information necessary to obtain insurance.

Buyer's Responsibilities (summary)

Payment—Pay for the goods as provided in the sales contract.
Licenses and Customs Formalities—Obtain at own risk and cost all export and import licenses and authorizations. Carry out all export and import formalities at own risk and cost.
Carriage and Insurance—The buyer has no obligation to the seller to provide contract of carriage or insurance.
Taking Delivery—Take delivery of the goods when they have been made available by the seller in accordance with the terms of the sales contract.
Risk Transfer—Assume all risks (loss or damage) from the time the goods have been made available by the seller in accordance with the terms of the sales contract.
Costs—Pay all costs for carriage and insurance from the time the goods have been made available by the seller in accordance with the terms of the sales contract. Pay all costs resulting from failure to take delivery at the named place and time. Pay all costs relating to export and import including duties, taxes, customs formalities and other charges including transshipment. Reimburse the seller for costs of providing assistance in obtaining export licenses and authorizations.
Notice to Seller—If, according to the sales contract, the buyer is able to specify a time within a stipulated period, and/or specify a place of taking delivery, to give the seller sufficient notice.
Proof of Delivery—Provide the seller with evidence of having taken delivery.
Inspection(s)—Pay for the costs of pre-shipment inspection(s) including inspections required by the country of export.
Other—Pay and/or reimburse the seller for all costs associated with securing documentation originating in the country of origin or export as required for export and import.

OTHERS

FCA	Free Carrier (…named place)	Title and risk pass to buyer including transportation and insurance cost when the seller delivers goods cleared for export to the carrier. Seller is obligated to load the goods on the Buyer's collecting vehicle; it is the Buyer's obligation to receive the Seller's arriving vehicle unloaded.
FAS	Free Alongside Ship (…named port of shipment)	Title and risk pass to buyer including payment of all transportation and insurance cost once delivered alongside ship by the seller. Used for sea or inland waterway transportation. The export clearance obligation rests with the seller.
CFR	Cost and Freight (…named port of destination)	Title, risk and insurance cost pass to buyer when delivered on board the ship by seller who pays the transportation cost to the destination port. Used for sea or inland waterway transportation.
CPT	Carriage Paid To (…named place of destination)	Title, risk and insurance cost pass to buyer when delivered to carrier by seller who pays transportation cost to destination. Used for any mode of transportation.
CIP	Carriage and Insurance Paid To (…named place of destination)	Title and risk pass to buyer when delivered to carrier by seller who pays transportation and insurance cost to destination. Used for any mode of transportation.
DAF	Delivered at Frontier (…named place)	Title, risk and responsibility for import clearance pass to buyer when delivered to named border point by seller. Used for any mode of transportation.
DES	Delivered Ex Ship (…named port of destination)	Title, risk, responsibility for vessel discharge and import clearance pass to buyer when seller delivers goods on board the ship to destination port. Used for sea or inland waterway transportation.
DEQ	Delivered Ex Quay (Duty Paid)(…named port of destination)	Title and risk pass to buyer when delivered on board the ship at the destination point by the seller who delivers goods on dock at destination point cleared for import. Used for sea or inland waterway transportation.